fig4

Figure 4. (A) Strain distribution of n-shape bent freestanding films. (B) Domain structures and surface strain of freestanding BTO thin film at different bending angles. (C) Schematic illustration of free energy landscape of bulk BTO (top) and freestanding thin films upon bending (bottom). (D) Size effect on domain patterns of BTO thin film under bending. (E) Dynamic evolution of ferroelectric domains in freestanding BFO thin films during bending. (F) Dynamic evolution of volume average energy density of freestanding BFO thin films under θ = 17.19° with time step. Panels A, B and D reprinted with permission. Copyright 2020, AIP Publishing^[62]. Panel C reprinted with permission. Copyright 2019, American Association for the Advancement of Science^[61]. Panels E and F reprinted with permission. Copyright 2021, Elsevier^[123].